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468 Publications visible to you, out of a total of 468
Medical students’ attitudes and wishes towards extending an educational general practice app to be suitable for practice: A cross-sectional survey from Leipzig, Germany
Management of health information systems

Abstract

Not specified

Authors: Maximilian Sandholzer, Tobias Deutsch, Thomas Frese, Alfred Winter

Date Published: 2nd Apr 2016

Publication Type: Journal article

Biomarker candidates for the detection of an infectious etiology of febrile neutropenia
SepNet - German Competence Network Sepsis

Abstract (Expand)

PURPOSE Infections and subsequent septicemia are major complications in neutropenic patients with hematological malignancies. Here, we identify biomarker candidates for the early detection of an …n infectious origin, and monitoring of febrile neutropenia (FN). METHODS Proteome, metabolome, and conventional biomarkers from 20 patients with febrile neutropenia without proven infection (FNPI) were compared to 28 patients with proven infection, including 17 patients with bacteremia. RESULTS Three peptides (mass to charge ratio 1017.4-1057.3; p-values 0.011-0.024), six proteins (mass to charge ratio 6881-17,215; p-values 0.002-0.004), and six phosphatidylcholines (p-values 0.007-0.037) were identified that differed in FNPI patients compared to patients with infection or bacteremia. Seven of these marker candidates discriminated FNPI from infection at fever onset with higher sensitivity and specificity (ROC-AUC 0.688-0.824) than conventional biomarkers i.e., procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, or interleukin-6 (ROC-AUC 0.535-0.672). In a post hoc analysis, monitoring the time course of four lysophosphatidylcholines, threonine, and tryptophan allowed for discrimination of patients with or without resolution of FN (ROC-AUC 0.648-0.919) with higher accuracy compared to conventional markers (ROC-AUC 0.514-0.871). CONCLUSIONS Twenty-one promising biomarker candidates for the early detection of an infectious origin or for monitoring the course of FN were found which might overcome known shortcomings of conventional markers.

Authors: Martin E. Richter, Sophie Neugebauer, Falco Engelmann, Stefan Hagel, Katrin Ludewig, Paul La Rosée, Herbert G. Sayer, Andreas Hochhaus, Marie von Lilienfeld-Toal, Tom Bretschneider, Christine Pausch, Christoph Engel, Frank M. Brunkhorst, Michael Kiehntopf

Date Published: 1st Apr 2016

Publication Type: Journal article

Human Diseases: disease by infectious agent

Tobacco use is associated with reduced amplitude and intensity dependence of the cortical auditory evoked N1-P2 component.
LIFE Adult

Abstract (Expand)

RATIONALE: Tobacco use is linked to cerebral atrophy and reduced cognitive performance in later life. However, smoking-related long-term effects on brain function remain largely uncertain. Previous … studies suggest that nicotine affects serotonergic signaling, and the intensity dependence (alias loudness dependence) of the auditory evoked N1-P2 potential has been proposed as a marker of serotonergic neurotransmission. OBJECTIVE: In the present study, we assesed the effects of chronic smoking on amplitude and intensity dependence of the auditory evoked N1-P2 potential. METHODS: Subjects underwent a 15-min intensity dependence of auditory evoked potentials (IAEP) paradigm. From N = 1739 eligible subjects (40-79 years), we systematically matched current smokers, ex-smokers, and never-smokers by sex, age, alcohol and caffeine consumption, and socioeconomic status. Between-group differences and potential dose-dependencies were evaluated. RESULTS: Analyses revealed higher N1-P2 amplitudes and intensity dependencies in never-smokers relative to ex- and current smokers, with ex-smokers exhibiting intermediate intensity dependencies. Moreover, we observed pack years and number of cigarettes consumed per day to be inversely correlated with amplitudes in current smokers. CONCLUSIONS: According to the IAEP serotonin hypothesis, our results suggest serotonin activity to be highest in current smokers, intermediate in ex-smokers, and lowest in never-smokers. To our knowledge, the present study is the first providing evidence for a dose-dependent reduction in N1-P2 amplitudes. Further, we extend prior research by showing reduced amplitudes and intensity dependencies in ex-smokers even 25 years, on average, after cessation. While we can rule out several smoking-related confounders to bias observed associations, causal inferences remain to be established by future longitudinal studies.

Authors: P. Jawinski, N. Mauche, C. Ulke, J. Huang, J. Spada, C. Enzenbach, C. Sander, U. Hegerl, T. Hensch

Date Published: 18th Mar 2016

Publication Type: Not specified

Compression of dementia morbidity by higher education
LIFE - Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases

Abstract (Expand)

Objectives: The concept of compression of morbidity suggests that compressing cognitive morbidity into a shorter lifetime period would result in a better cumulative lifetime cognitive functioning. Some … lifestyle factors, like higher education, that are known to protect cognitive functioning in old age and lower dementia risk, could compress cognitive morbidity. Therefore the aim of our study was to investigate whether higher education leads to a better cumulative lifetime cognitive functioning and, hence, the compression of cognitive morbidity. Methods: Data were derived from the population-based Leipzig longitudinal study of the aged (LEILA75+). From 1998-2005, individuals aged 75 years and older underwent up to seven assessments at a 1.5-year interval and a long-term follow-up assessment after 15 years (2013). Analyses on the impact of higher education on compression of cognitive morbidity were carried out via multilevel logistic mixed-models and tobit analyses using the participants’ age as time scale (n=742). Results: The results revealed that more years of education were significantly associated with a better cognitive functioning but not with the age at dementia onset or the age at death. Computation of cumulative lifetime cognitive functioning was weighted for survival probability and indicated a gain of 21 MMSE points during the lifetime period 75 through 100 years of age by having more than 12 years of education compared to having less than 9 years of education. Conclusion: Overall, the findings suggest a compression of cognitive morbidity by higher education prior to dementia onset. More years of education could therefore contribute to a better cognitive functioning even under consideration of survival probability. Hence, efforts to ensure access to higher education for as many people in a population as possible might compress disease burden due to cognitive morbidity.

Authors: F. S. Then, T. Luck, H. Matschinger, M. C. Angermeyer, S. G. Riedel-Heller

Date Published: 1st Mar 2016

Publication Type: Not specified

Human Diseases: dementia

Validating new diagnostic imaging criteria for primary progressive aphasia via anatomical likelihood estimation meta-analyses.
LIFE Adult

Abstract (Expand)

Recently, diagnostic clinical and imaging criteria for primary progressive aphasia (PPA) have been revised by an international consortium (Gorno-Tempini et al. Neurology 2011;76:1006-14). The aim of … this study was to validate the specificity of the new imaging criteria and investigate whether different imaging modalities [magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET)] require different diagnostic subtype-specific imaging criteria. Anatomical likelihood estimation meta-analyses were conducted for PPA subtypes across a large cohort of 396 patients: firstly, across MRI studies for each of the three PPA subtypes followed by conjunction and subtraction analyses to investigate the specificity, and, secondly, by comparing results across MRI vs. FDG-PET studies in semantic dementia and progressive nonfluent aphasia. Semantic dementia showed atrophy in temporal, fusiform, parahippocampal gyri, hippocampus, and amygdala, progressive nonfluent aphasia in left putamen, insula, middle/superior temporal, precentral, and frontal gyri, logopenic progressive aphasia in middle/superior temporal, supramarginal, and dorsal posterior cingulate gyri. Results of the disease-specific meta-analyses across MRI studies were disjunct. Similarly, atrophic and hypometabolic brain networks were regionally dissociated in both semantic dementia and progressive nonfluent aphasia. In conclusion, meta-analyses support the specificity of new diagnostic imaging criteria for PPA and suggest that they should be specified for each imaging modality separately.

Authors: S. Bisenius, J. Neumann, M. L. Schroeter

Date Published: 23rd Feb 2016

Publication Type: Not specified

Human Diseases: aphasia

Requirements on Clinical Trial Management Systems for Academic Site Management Organizations
Management of health information systems

Abstract

Not specified

Authors: Martin Schöbel, Sebastian Stäubert, Matthias Löbe, Kirsti Meinel, Alfred Winter

Date Published: 2016

Publication Type: InProceedings

Modeling Requirements for Cohort and Register IT
Management of health information systems

Abstract

Not specified

Authors: Sebastian Stäubert, Ulrike Weber, C. Michalik, J. Dress, Sylvie M. N. Ngouongo, Jürgen Stausberg, Alfred Winter

Date Published: 2016

Publication Type: InProceedings

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