Effect size estimates from umbrella designs: Handling patients with a positive test result for multiple biomarkers using random or pragmatic subtrial allocation

Medical data routinely generated in everyday clinical practice is processed and made available to medical research in a standardized form. Patients benefit from reliable research results, more precise diagnoses and better treatments. In order to link data from care and research, the participating university hospitals in Aachen, Bonn, Essen, Halle, Hamburg, Jena and Leipzig have established sustainable Data Integration Centers. The network partners Ruhr University Bochum, the Düsseldorf University ...