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No clinical utility of KRAS variant rs61764370 for ovarian or breast cancer
GC-HBOC - German Consortium for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer

Abstract (Expand)

OBJECTIVE Clinical genetic testing is commercially available for rs61764370, an inherited variant residing in a KRAS 3’ UTR microRNA binding site, based on suggested associations with increased ovarian …n and breast cancer risk as well as with survival time. However, prior studies, emphasizing particular subgroups, were relatively small. Therefore, we comprehensively evaluated ovarian and breast cancer risks as well as clinical outcome associated with rs61764370. METHODS Centralized genotyping and analysis were performed for 140,012 women enrolled in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (15,357 ovarian cancer patients; 30,816 controls), the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (33,530 breast cancer patients; 37,640 controls), and the Consortium of Modifiers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 (14,765 BRCA1 and 7904 BRCA2 mutation carriers). RESULTS We found no association with risk of ovarian cancer (OR=0.99, 95% CI 0.94-1.04, p=0.74) or breast cancer (OR=0.98, 95% CI 0.94-1.01, p=0.19) and results were consistent among mutation carriers (BRCA1, ovarian cancer HR=1.09, 95% CI 0.97-1.23, p=0.14, breast cancer HR=1.04, 95% CI 0.97-1.12, p=0.27; BRCA2, ovarian cancer HR=0.89, 95% CI 0.71-1.13, p=0.34, breast cancer HR=1.06, 95% CI 0.94-1.19, p=0.35). Null results were also obtained for associations with overall survival following ovarian cancer (HR=0.94, 95% CI 0.83-1.07, p=0.38), breast cancer (HR=0.96, 95% CI 0.87-1.06, p=0.38), and all other previously-reported associations. CONCLUSIONS rs61764370 is not associated with risk of ovarian or breast cancer nor with clinical outcome for patients with these cancers. Therefore, genotyping this variant has no clinical utility related to the prediction or management of these cancers.

Authors: Antoinette Hollestelle, Frederieke H. van der Baan, Andrew Berchuck, Sharon E. Johnatty, Katja K. Aben, Bjarni A. Agnarsson, Kristiina Aittomäki, Elisa Alducci, Irene L. Andrulis, Hoda Anton-Culver, Natalia N. Antonenkova, Antonis C. Antoniou, Carmel Apicella, Volker Arndt, Norbert Arnold, Banu K. Arun, Brita Arver, Alan Ashworth, Laura Baglietto, Rosemary Balleine, Elisa V. Bandera, Daniel Barrowdale, Yukie T. Bean, Lars Beckmann, Matthias W. Beckmann, Javier Benitez, Andreas Berger, Raanan Berger, Benoit Beuselinck, Maria Bisogna, Line Bjorge, Carl Blomqvist, Natalia V. Bogdanova, Anders Bojesen, Stig E. Bojesen, Manjeet K. Bolla, Bernardo Bonanni, Judith S. Brand, Hiltrud Brauch, Hermann Brenner, Louise Brinton, Angela Brooks-Wilson, Fiona Bruinsma, Joan Brunet, Thomas Brüning, Agnieszka Budzilowska, Clareann H. Bunker, Barbara Burwinkel, Ralf Butzow, Saundra S. Buys, Maria A. Caligo, Ian Campbell, Jonathan Carter, Jenny Chang-Claude, Stephen J. Chanock, Kathleen B. M. Claes, J. Margriet Collée, Linda S. Cook, Fergus J. Couch, Angela Cox, Daniel Cramer, Simon S. Cross, Julie M. Cunningham, Cezary Cybulski, Kamila Czene, Francesca Damiola, Agnieszka Dansonka-Mieszkowska, Hatef Darabi, Miguel de La Hoya, Anna deFazio, Joseph Dennis, Peter Devilee, Ed M. Dicks, Orland Diez, Jennifer A. Doherty, Susan M. Domchek, Cecilia M. Dorfling, Thilo Dörk, Isabel Dos Santos Silva, Andreas Du Bois, Martine Dumont, Alison M. Dunning, Mercedes Duran, Douglas F. Easton, Diana Eccles, Robert P. Edwards, Hans Ehrencrona, Bent Ejlertsen, Arif B. Ekici, Steve D. Ellis, Christoph Engel, Mikael Eriksson, Peter A. Fasching, Lidia Feliubadalo, Jonine Figueroa, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Olivia Fletcher, Annette Fontaine, Stefano Fortuzzi, Florentia Fostira, Brooke L. Fridley, Tara Friebel, Eitan Friedman, Grace Friel, Debra Frost, Judy Garber, Montserrat García-Closas, Simon A. Gayther, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Anne-Marie Gerdes, Graham G. Giles, Rosalind Glasspool, Gord Glendon, Andrew K. Godwin, Marc T. Goodman, Martin Gore, Mark H. Greene, Mervi Grip, Jacek Gronwald, Daphne Gschwantler Kaulich, Pascal Guénel, Starr R. Guzman, Lothar Haeberle, Christopher A. Haiman, Per Hall, Sandra L. Halverson, Ute Hamann, Thomas v. O. Hansen, Philipp Harter, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Sue Healey, Alexander Hein, Florian Heitz, Brian E. Henderson, Josef Herzog, Michelle A. T Hildebrandt, Claus K. Høgdall, Estrid Høgdall, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, John L. Hopper, Keith Humphreys, Tomasz Huzarski, Evgeny N. Imyanitov, Claudine Isaacs, Anna Jakubowska, Ramunas Janavicius, Katarzyna Jaworska, Allan Jensen, Uffe Birk Jensen, Nichola Johnson, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Maria Kabisch, Beth Y. Karlan, Vesa Kataja, Noah Kauff, Linda E. Kelemen, Michael J. Kerin, Lambertus A. Kiemeney, Susanne K. Kjaer, Julia A. Knight, Jacoba P. Knol-Bout, Irene Konstantopoulou, Veli-Matti Kosma, Camilla Krakstad, Vessela Kristensen, Karoline B. Kuchenbaecker, Jolanta Kupryjanczyk, Yael Laitman, Diether Lambrechts, Sandrina Lambrechts, Melissa C. Larson, Adriana Lasa, Pierre Laurent-Puig, Conxi Lazaro, Nhu D. Le, Loic Le Marchand, Arto Leminen, Jenny Lester, Douglas A. Levine, Jingmei Li, Dong Liang, Annika Lindblom, Noralane Lindor, Jolanta Lissowska, Jirong Long, Karen H. Lu, Jan Lubinski, Lene Lundvall, Galina Lurie, Phuong L. Mai, Arto Mannermaa, Sara Margolin, Frederique Mariette, Frederik Marme, John W. M. Martens, Leon F. A. G. Massuger, Christine Maugard, Sylvie Mazoyer, Lesley McGuffog, Valerie McGuire, Catriona McLean, Iain McNeish, Alfons Meindl, Florence Menegaux, Primitiva Menéndez, Janusz Menkiszak, Usha Menon, Arjen R. Mensenkamp, Nicola Miller, Roger L. Milne, Francesmary Modugno, Marco Montagna, Kirsten B. Moysich, Heiko Müller, Anna Marie Mulligan, Taru A. Muranen, Steven A. Narod, Katherine L. Nathanson, Roberta B. Ness, Susan L. Neuhausen, Heli Nevanlinna, Patrick Neven, Finn C. Nielsen, Sune F. Nielsen, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Robert L. Nussbaum, Kunle Odunsi, Kenneth Offit, Edith Olah, Olufunmilayo I. Olopade, Janet E. Olson, Sara H. Olson, Jan C. Oosterwijk, Irene Orlow, Nick Orr, Sandra Orsulic, Ana Osorio, Laura Ottini, James Paul, Celeste L. Pearce, Inge Sokilde Pedersen, Bernard Peissel, Tanja Pejovic, Liisa M. Pelttari, Jo Perkins, Jenny Permuth-Wey, Paolo Peterlongo, Julian Peto, Catherine M. Phelan, Kelly-Anne Phillips, Marion Piedmonte, Malcolm C. Pike, Radka Platte, Joanna Plisiecka-Halasa, Elizabeth M. Poole, Bruce Poppe, Katri Pylkäs, Paolo Radice, Susan J. Ramus, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Malcolm W. R. Reed, Gad Rennert, Harvey A. Risch, Mark Robson, Gustavo C. Rodriguez, Atocha Romero, Mary Anne Rossing, Joseph H. Rothstein, Anja Rudolph, Ingo Runnebaum, Ritu Salani, Helga B. Salvesen, Elinor J. Sawyer, Joellen M. Schildkraut, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Rita K. Schmutzler, Andreas Schneeweiss, Minouk J. Schoemaker, Michael G. Schrauder, Fredrick Schumacher, Ira Schwaab, Giulietta Scuvera, Thomas A. Sellers, Gianluca Severi, Caroline M. Seynaeve, Mitul Shah, Martha Shrubsole, Nadeem Siddiqui, Weiva Sieh, Jacques Simard, Christian F. Singer, Olga M. Sinilnikova, Dominiek Smeets, Christof Sohn, Maria Soller, Honglin Song, Penny Soucy, Melissa C. Southey, Christa Stegmaier, Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet, Lara Sucheston, Anthony Swerdlow, Ingvild L. Tangen, Muy-Kheng Tea, Manuel R. Teixeira, Kathryn L. Terry, Mary Beth Terry, Mads Thomassen, Pamela J. Thompson, Laima Tihomirova, Marc Tischkowitz, Amanda Ewart Toland, Rob A. E. M. Tollenaar, Ian Tomlinson, Diana Torres, Thérèse Truong, Helen Tsimiklis, Nadine Tung, Shelley S. Tworoger, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Celine M. Vachon, Laura J. van ’t Veer, Anne M. van Altena, C. J. van Asperen, David van den Berg, Ans M. W. van den Ouweland, Helena C. van Doorn, Els van Nieuwenhuysen, Elizabeth J. van Rensburg, Ignace Vergote, Senno Verhoef, Robert A. Vierkant, Joseph Vijai, Allison F. Vitonis, Anna von Wachenfeldt, Christine Walsh, Qin Wang, Shan Wang-Gohrke, Barbara Wappenschmidt, Maren Weischer, Jeffrey N. Weitzel, Caroline Weltens, Nicolas Wentzensen, Alice S. Whittemore, Lynne R. Wilkens, Robert Winqvist, Anna H. Wu, Xifeng Wu, Hannah P. Yang, Daniela Zaffaroni, M. Pilar Zamora, Wei Zheng, Argyrios Ziogas, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Paul D. P. Pharoah, Matti A. Rookus, Maartje J. Hooning, Ellen L. Goode

Date Published: 1st May 2016

Publication Type: Journal article

Human Diseases: hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome

Reliability of 3D laser-based anthropometry and comparison with classical anthropometry
Genetical Statistics and Systems Biology

Abstract (Expand)

Anthropometric quantities are widely used in epidemiologic research as possible confounders, risk factors, or outcomes. 3D laser-based body scans (BS) allow evaluation of dozens of quantities in short … time with minimal physical contact between observers and probands. The aim of this study was to compare BS with classical manual anthropometric (CA) assessments with respect to feasibility, reliability, and validity. We performed a study on 108 individuals with multiple measurements of BS and CA to estimate intra- and inter-rater reliabilities for both. We suggested BS equivalents of CA measurements and determined validity of BS considering CA the gold standard. Throughout the study, the overall concordance correlation coefficient (OCCC) was chosen as indicator of agreement. BS was slightly more time consuming but better accepted than CA. For CA, OCCCs for intra- and inter-rater reliability were greater than 0.8 for all nine quantities studied. For BS, 9 of 154 quantities showed reliabilities below 0.7. BS proxies for CA measurements showed good agreement (minimum OCCC \textgreater 0.77) after offset correction. Thigh length showed higher reliability in BS while upper arm length showed higher reliability in CA. Except for these issues, reliabilities of CA measurements and their BS equivalents were comparable.

Authors: Andreas Kuehnapfel, Peter Ahnert, Markus Loeffler, Anja Broda, Markus Scholz

Date Published: 1st May 2016

Publication Type: Journal article

Genome-wide association analysis of actigraphic sleep phenotypes in the LIFE Adult Study.
LIFE Adult, Genetical Statistics and Systems Biology

Abstract (Expand)

The genetic basis of sleep is still poorly understood. Despite the moderate to high heritability of sleep-related phenotypes, known genetic variants explain only a small proportion of the phenotypical … variance. However, most previous studies were based solely upon self-report measures. The present study aimed to conduct the first genome-wide association (GWA) of actigraphic sleep phenotypes. The analyses included 956 middle- to older-aged subjects (40-79 years) from the LIFE Adult Study. The SenseWear Pro 3 Armband was used to collect 11 actigraphic parameters of night- and daytime sleep and three parameters of rest (lying down). The parameters comprised measures of sleep timing, quantity and quality. A total of 7 141 204 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were analysed after imputation and quality control. We identified several variants below the significance threshold of P </= 5x 10(-8) (not corrected for analysis of multiple traits). The most significant was a hit near UFL1 associated with sleep efficiency on weekdays (P = 1.39 x 10(-8) ). Further SNPs were close to significance, including an association between sleep latency and a variant in CSNK2A1 (P = 8.20 x 10(-8) ), a gene known to be involved in the regulation of circadian rhythm. In summary, our GWAS identified novel candidate genes with biological plausibility being promising candidates for replication and further follow-up studies.

Authors: J. Spada, M. Scholz, H. Kirsten, T. Hensch, K. Horn, P. Jawinski, C. Ulke, R. Burkhardt, K. Wirkner, M. Loeffler, U. Hegerl, C. Sander

Date Published: 30th Apr 2016

Publication Type: Journal article

Age and cellular composition influence overall survival in a collective of non-immunocompromised patients with EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma from a German lymphoma center.
GLA - German Lymphoma Alliance

Abstract (Expand)

We investigated 41 diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) diagnosed at one center harboring >/=50% of latently Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected neoplastic cells occurring in 34 patients aged >/=50 … years and in 7 patients younger than 50 years in the absence of any known immunodeficiency for the expression patterns of EBV latent and immediate-early proteins, for the differentiation stage of the neoplastic cells, the presence of cytogenetic alterations and a possible co-infection with the human herpes virus (HHV)-8. Here, we show that EBV-positive DLBCLs rarely arise from naive and more frequently from post-germinal center B-cells that often contain crippling immunoglobulin gene mutations. Most of the lymphomas did not exhibit breaks in the BCL2, BCL6, and MYC genes and none of the cases investigated contained HHV-8 sequences. Patients aged <50 years performed better than older ones while in patients aged >/=50 years only the cellular composition had an impact on overall survival.

Authors: K. Johrens, R. U. Trappe, D. Lenze, M. Pfreundschuh, M. Ziepert, M. Hummel, I. Anagnostopoulos

Date Published: 29th Apr 2016

Publication Type: Not specified

Human Diseases: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Clinical, pathological and genetic features of follicular lymphoma grade 3A: a joint analysis of the German low-grade and high-grade lymphoma study groups GLSG and DSHNHL.
GLA - German Lymphoma Alliance

Abstract (Expand)

BACKGROUND: Histologically, follicular lymphoma (FL) grades 1, 2 and 3A are composed of two distinct cell types, centroblasts and centrocytes. FL grade 3B is composed only of centroblasts and has been … shown to differ in immunophenotype and genetics from FL that contain centrocytes. We aimed to understand the pathogenetic and clinical relation between FL grade 3A to FL grade 1/2 on the one hand and FL grade 3B on the other hand. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Trial patients with long-term follow-up and diagnosis of FL grade 3 were selected and samples underwent a second central pathological review using a multiple-observer approach to assess grading. RESULTS: Interobserver variability for diagnosing FL grade 3 was high. FL grade 3A frequently harbored areas of FL grade 1/2 within the same tissue specimen. FL grade 3B rarely coexisted with grade 1/2 or 3A, suggesting divergent pathogenesis. There was no statistically significant difference in outcome between 47 cases of FL grade 3A and 14 cases of grade 3B. Compared with grade 1/2 FL, both groups showed longer progression-free survival without late events, especially after immunochemotherapy; this outcome difference was retained after adjustment for clinical prognostic factors. The subgroup of FL grade 3A with an additional FL grade 1/2 component or a translocation t(14;18) showed a poorer outcome. In contrast, the FL grade 3A lacking t(14;18) and of localized stage resembled the pediatric type of FL and showed a very good outcome. FL3 with MYC breaks showed a poor outcome. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that first-line immunochemotherapy might allow long-lasting remissions in a subgroup of FL grade 3A similar to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Within FL3A, prognostic subgroups can be identified by analyzing for coexisting FL1/2 and MYC breaks.

Authors: K. Koch, E. Hoster, M. Ziepert, M. Unterhalt, G. Ott, A. Rosenwald, M. L. Hansmann, W. Bernd, H. Stein, V. Poschel, M. Dreyling, L. Trumper, M. Loffler, N. Schmitz, W. Hiddemann, M. Pfreundschuh, W. Klapper

Date Published: 28th Apr 2016

Publication Type: Not specified

Human Diseases: follicular lymphoma

Chemotherapy for intracranial ependymoma in adults.
GGN - German Glioma Network

Abstract (Expand)

BACKGROUND: Ependymal tumors in adults are rare, accounting for less than 4% of primary tumors of the central nervous system in this age group. The low prevalence of intracranial ependymoma in adults … limits the ability to perform clinical trials. Therefore, treatment decisions are based on small, mostly retrospective studies and the role of chemotherapy has remained unclear. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study on 17 adult patients diagnosed with intracranial World Health Organisation grade II or III ependymoma, who were treated with chemotherapy at any time during the disease course. Benefit from chemotherapy was estimated by applying Macdonald criteria. Progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated from start of chemotherapy, using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: Eleven patients had supratentorial and 6 infratentorial tumors. Ten patients were treated with temozolomide (TMZ), 3 with procarbazine/lomustine/vincristine (PCV), 3 with platinum-based chemotherapy and 1 patient received epirubicin/ifosfamide. Response rates were as follows: TMZ 8/10 stable disease; PCV 3/3 stable disease; platinum-based chemotherapy 1/3 partial response; epirubicin/ifosfamide 1/1 complete response. PFS rates at 6, 12 and 24 months were 52.9, 35.3 and 23.5%. OS rates at 6, 12 and 24 months were 82.4, 82.4 and 70.1%. There was no indication for a favourable prognostic role of O(6)-methylguanyl-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation which was detected in 3/12 investigated tumors. CONCLUSIONS: Survival outcomes in response to chemotherapy in adult intracranial ependymoma patients vary substantially, but individual patients may respond to any kind of chemotherapy. There were too few patients to compare survival data between chemotherapeutic subgroups.

Authors: D. Gramatzki, P. Roth, J. Felsberg, S. Hofer, E. J. Rushing, B. Hentschel, M. Westphal, D. Krex, M. Simon, O. Schnell, W. Wick, G. Reifenberger, M. Weller

Date Published: 23rd Apr 2016

Publication Type: Journal article

Human Diseases: adult brain ependymoma

Education as protector against dementia, but what exactly do we mean by education?
LIFE Adult

Abstract (Expand)

OBJECTIVES: even though a great number of research studies have shown that high education has protective effects against dementia, some studies did not observe such a significant effect. In that respect, … the aim of our study was to investigate and compare various operationalisation approaches of education and how they impact dementia risk within one sample. METHODS: data were derived from the Leipzig longitudinal study of the aged (LEILA75+). Individuals aged 75 and older underwent six cognitive assessments at an interval of 1.5 years and a final follow-up 15 years after the baseline assessment. We operationalised education according to different approaches used in previous studies and analysed the impact on dementia incidence via multivariate cox regression modelling. RESULTS: the results showed that whether education is identified as significant protector against dementia strongly depends on the operationalisation of education. Whereas the pure number of years of education showed statistically significant protective effects on dementia risk, other more complex categorical classification approaches did not. Moreover, completing >10 years of education or a tertiary level seems to be an important threshold to significantly reduce dementia risk. CONCLUSION: findings suggest a protective effect of more years of education on a lower dementia risk with a particular critical threshold of completing >10 years of education. Further, the findings highlight that, when examining risks and protective factors of dementia, a careful consideration of the underlying definitions and operationalisation approaches is required.

Authors: F. S. Then, T. Luck, M. C. Angermeyer, S. G. Riedel-Heller

Date Published: 9th Apr 2016

Publication Type: Journal article

Human Diseases: dementia

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