Publications

159 Publications visible to you, out of a total of 159

Abstract (Expand)

IMPORTANCE: High-dose intravenous administration of sodium selenite has been proposed to improve outcome in sepsis by attenuating oxidative stress. Procalcitonin-guided antimicrobial therapy may hasten the diagnosis of sepsis, but effect on outcome is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether high-dose intravenous sodium selenite treatment and procalcitonin-guided anti-infectious therapy in patients with severe sepsis affect mortality. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The Placebo-Controlled Trial of Sodium Selenite and Procalcitonin Guided Antimicrobial Therapy in Severe Sepsis (SISPCT), a multicenter, randomized, clinical, 2 x 2 factorial trial performed in 33 intensive care units in Germany, was conducted from November 6, 2009, to June 6, 2013, including a 90-day follow-up period. INTERVENTIONS: Patients were randomly assigned to receive an initial intravenous loading dose of sodium selenite, 1000 microg, followed by a continuous intravenous infusion of sodium selenite, 1000 microg, daily until discharge from the intensive care unit, but not longer than 21 days, or placebo. Patients also were randomized to receive anti-infectious therapy guided by a procalcitonin algorithm or without procalcitonin guidance. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary end point was 28-day mortality. Secondary outcomes included 90-day all-cause mortality, intervention-free days, antimicrobial costs, antimicrobial-free days, and secondary infections. RESULTS: Of 8174 eligible patients, 1089 patients (13.3%) with severe sepsis or septic shock were included in an intention-to-treat analysis comparing sodium selenite (543 patients [49.9%]) with placebo (546 [50.1%]) and procalcitonin guidance (552 [50.7%]) vs no procalcitonin guidance (537 [49.3%]). The 28-day mortality rate was 28.3% (95% CI, 24.5%-32.3%) in the sodium selenite group and 25.5% (95% CI, 21.8%-29.4%) (P = .30) in the placebo group. There was no significant difference in 28-day mortality between patients assigned to procalcitonin guidance (25.6% [95% CI, 22.0%-29.5%]) vs no procalcitonin guidance (28.2% [95% CI, 24.4%-32.2%]) (P = .34). Procalcitonin guidance did not affect frequency of diagnostic or therapeutic procedures but did result in a 4.5% reduction of antimicrobial exposure. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Neither high-dose intravenous administration of sodium selenite nor anti-infectious therapy guided by a procalcitonin algorithm was associated with an improved outcome in patients with severe sepsis. These findings do not support administration of high-dose sodium selenite in these patients; the application of a procalcitonin-guided algorithm needs further evaluation. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00832039.

Authors: F. Bloos, E. Trips, A. Nierhaus, J. Briegel, D. K. Heyland, U. Jaschinski, O. Moerer, A. Weyland, G. Marx, M. Grundling, S. Kluge, I. Kaufmann, K. Ott, M. Quintel, F. Jelschen, P. Meybohm, S. Rademacher, A. Meier-Hellmann, S. Utzolino, U. X. Kaisers, C. Putensen, G. Elke, M. Ragaller, H. Gerlach, K. Ludewig, M. Kiehntopf, H. Bogatsch, C. Engel, F. M. Brunkhorst, M. Loeffler, K. Reinhart

Date Published: 1st Sep 2016

Publication Type: Journal article

Human Diseases: disease by infectious agent

Abstract (Expand)

Three-dimensional (3D) whole body scanners are increasingly used as precise measuring tools for the rapid quantification of anthropometric measures in epidemiological studies. We analyzed 3D whole body scanning data of nearly 10,000 participants of a cohort collected from the adult population of Leipzig, one of the largest cities in Eastern Germany. We present a novel approach for the systematic analysis of this data which aims at identifying distinguishable clusters of body shapes called body types. In the first step, our method aggregates body measures provided by the scanner into meta-measures, each representing one relevant dimension of the body shape. In a next step, we stratified the cohort into body types and assessed their stability and dependence on the size of the underlying cohort. Using self-organizing maps (SOM) we identified thirteen robust meta-measures and fifteen body types comprising between 1 and 18 percent of the total cohort size. Thirteen of them are virtually gender specific (six for women and seven for men) and thus reflect most abundant body shapes of women and men. Two body types include both women and men, and describe androgynous body shapes that lack typical gender specific features. The body types disentangle a large variability of body shapes enabling distinctions which go beyond the traditional indices such as body mass index, the waist-to-height ratio, the waist-to-hip ratio and the mortality-hazard ABSI-index. In a next step, we will link the identified body types with disease predispositions to study how size and shape of the human body impact health and disease.

Authors: H. Loffler-Wirth, E. Willscher, P. Ahnert, K. Wirkner, C. Engel, M. Loeffler, H. Binder

Date Published: 29th Jul 2016

Publication Type: Not specified

Human Diseases: obesity

Abstract (Expand)

OBJECTIVES: Normative data concerning the speaking voice in the general population were gathered with the aim to establish standard values for clinical diagnostics. Associations between the speaking voice and sociodemographic factors were examined. STUDY DESIGN: This is a prospective cross-sectional population-based study. METHODS: Speaking voice profiles were measured for 2472 (1154 male and 1318 female) participants between the ages of 40 and 79 years, using four speaking voice intensity levels: softest speaking voice (I), conversational voice (II), classroom voice (III), and shouting voice (IV). Smoking status and socioeconomic status were assessed. Data were analyzed using multivariate regression. RESULTS: The mean voice frequencies were 111.8 Hz for male and 161.3 Hz for female participants (I), 111.9 Hz for male and 168.5 Hz for female participants (II), 130.2 Hz for male and 198.0 Hz for female participants (III), and 175.5 Hz for male and 246.2 Hz for female participants (IV). Frequencies increased significantly with age for male but not for female participants. Sound pressure levels rose significantly with age at intensity levels I-III for both sexes, but decreased at intensity level IV. Frequencies and sound pressure levels were similar between nonsmokers and former smokers. Current smokers showed significantly lower frequencies as opposed to non- and former smokers. Speaking voice range and dynamics increased with higher socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS: The data are suitable as age-adjusted normative values for clinical measurement of the speaking voice. The mean fundamental speaking voice frequency of female participants was six to seven semitones lower than previously described.

Authors: M. Berg, M. Fuchs, K. Wirkner, M. Loeffler, C. Engel, T. Berger

Date Published: 3rd Jul 2016

Publication Type: Journal article

Abstract (Expand)

The mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) maintains genome stability and marks an important target for antineoplastic therapies. However, it has remained unclear how cells execute cell fate decisions under conditions of SAC-induced mitotic arrest. Here, we identify USP9X as the mitotic deubiquitinase of the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) and demonstrate that deubiquitylation and stabilization of XIAP by USP9X lead to increased resistance toward mitotic spindle poisons. We find that primary human aggressive B-cell lymphoma samples exhibit high USP9X expression that correlate with XIAP overexpression. We show that high USP9X/XIAP expression is associated with shorter event-free survival in patients treated with spindle poison-containing chemotherapy. Accordingly, aggressive B-cell lymphoma lines with USP9X and associated XIAP overexpression exhibit increased chemoresistance, reversed by specific inhibition of either USP9X or XIAP. Moreover, knockdown of USP9X or XIAP significantly delays lymphoma development and increases sensitivity to spindle poisons in a murine Emu-Myc lymphoma model. Together, we specify the USP9X-XIAP axis as a regulator of the mitotic cell fate decision and propose that USP9X and XIAP are potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in aggressive B-cell lymphoma.

Authors: K. Engel, M. Rudelius, J. Slawska, L. Jacobs, B. Ahangarian Abhari, B. Altmann, J. Kurutz, A. Rathakrishnan, V. Fernandez-Saiz, A. Brunner, B. S. Targosz, F. Loewecke, C. J. Gloeckner, M. Ueffing, S. Fulda, M. Pfreundschuh, L. Trumper, W. Klapper, U. Keller, P. J. Jost, A. Rosenwald, C. Peschel, F. Bassermann

Date Published: 19th Jun 2016

Publication Type: Not specified

Human Diseases: B-cell lymphoma

Abstract (Expand)

OBJECTIVE Clinical genetic testing is commercially available for rs61764370, an inherited variant residing in a KRAS 3’ UTR microRNA binding site, based on suggested associations with increased ovariann and breast cancer risk as well as with survival time. However, prior studies, emphasizing particular subgroups, were relatively small. Therefore, we comprehensively evaluated ovarian and breast cancer risks as well as clinical outcome associated with rs61764370. METHODS Centralized genotyping and analysis were performed for 140,012 women enrolled in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (15,357 ovarian cancer patients; 30,816 controls), the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (33,530 breast cancer patients; 37,640 controls), and the Consortium of Modifiers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 (14,765 BRCA1 and 7904 BRCA2 mutation carriers). RESULTS We found no association with risk of ovarian cancer (OR=0.99, 95% CI 0.94-1.04, p=0.74) or breast cancer (OR=0.98, 95% CI 0.94-1.01, p=0.19) and results were consistent among mutation carriers (BRCA1, ovarian cancer HR=1.09, 95% CI 0.97-1.23, p=0.14, breast cancer HR=1.04, 95% CI 0.97-1.12, p=0.27; BRCA2, ovarian cancer HR=0.89, 95% CI 0.71-1.13, p=0.34, breast cancer HR=1.06, 95% CI 0.94-1.19, p=0.35). Null results were also obtained for associations with overall survival following ovarian cancer (HR=0.94, 95% CI 0.83-1.07, p=0.38), breast cancer (HR=0.96, 95% CI 0.87-1.06, p=0.38), and all other previously-reported associations. CONCLUSIONS rs61764370 is not associated with risk of ovarian or breast cancer nor with clinical outcome for patients with these cancers. Therefore, genotyping this variant has no clinical utility related to the prediction or management of these cancers.

Authors: Antoinette Hollestelle, Frederieke H. van der Baan, Andrew Berchuck, Sharon E. Johnatty, Katja K. Aben, Bjarni A. Agnarsson, Kristiina Aittomäki, Elisa Alducci, Irene L. Andrulis, Hoda Anton-Culver, Natalia N. Antonenkova, Antonis C. Antoniou, Carmel Apicella, Volker Arndt, Norbert Arnold, Banu K. Arun, Brita Arver, Alan Ashworth, Laura Baglietto, Rosemary Balleine, Elisa V. Bandera, Daniel Barrowdale, Yukie T. Bean, Lars Beckmann, Matthias W. Beckmann, Javier Benitez, Andreas Berger, Raanan Berger, Benoit Beuselinck, Maria Bisogna, Line Bjorge, Carl Blomqvist, Natalia V. Bogdanova, Anders Bojesen, Stig E. Bojesen, Manjeet K. Bolla, Bernardo Bonanni, Judith S. Brand, Hiltrud Brauch, Hermann Brenner, Louise Brinton, Angela Brooks-Wilson, Fiona Bruinsma, Joan Brunet, Thomas Brüning, Agnieszka Budzilowska, Clareann H. Bunker, Barbara Burwinkel, Ralf Butzow, Saundra S. Buys, Maria A. Caligo, Ian Campbell, Jonathan Carter, Jenny Chang-Claude, Stephen J. Chanock, Kathleen B. M. Claes, J. Margriet Collée, Linda S. Cook, Fergus J. Couch, Angela Cox, Daniel Cramer, Simon S. Cross, Julie M. Cunningham, Cezary Cybulski, Kamila Czene, Francesca Damiola, Agnieszka Dansonka-Mieszkowska, Hatef Darabi, Miguel de La Hoya, Anna deFazio, Joseph Dennis, Peter Devilee, Ed M. Dicks, Orland Diez, Jennifer A. Doherty, Susan M. Domchek, Cecilia M. Dorfling, Thilo Dörk, Isabel Dos Santos Silva, Andreas Du Bois, Martine Dumont, Alison M. Dunning, Mercedes Duran, Douglas F. Easton, Diana Eccles, Robert P. Edwards, Hans Ehrencrona, Bent Ejlertsen, Arif B. Ekici, Steve D. Ellis, Christoph Engel, Mikael Eriksson, Peter A. Fasching, Lidia Feliubadalo, Jonine Figueroa, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Olivia Fletcher, Annette Fontaine, Stefano Fortuzzi, Florentia Fostira, Brooke L. Fridley, Tara Friebel, Eitan Friedman, Grace Friel, Debra Frost, Judy Garber, Montserrat García-Closas, Simon A. Gayther, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Anne-Marie Gerdes, Graham G. Giles, Rosalind Glasspool, Gord Glendon, Andrew K. Godwin, Marc T. Goodman, Martin Gore, Mark H. Greene, Mervi Grip, Jacek Gronwald, Daphne Gschwantler Kaulich, Pascal Guénel, Starr R. Guzman, Lothar Haeberle, Christopher A. Haiman, Per Hall, Sandra L. Halverson, Ute Hamann, Thomas v. O. Hansen, Philipp Harter, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Sue Healey, Alexander Hein, Florian Heitz, Brian E. Henderson, Josef Herzog, Michelle A. T Hildebrandt, Claus K. Høgdall, Estrid Høgdall, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, John L. Hopper, Keith Humphreys, Tomasz Huzarski, Evgeny N. Imyanitov, Claudine Isaacs, Anna Jakubowska, Ramunas Janavicius, Katarzyna Jaworska, Allan Jensen, Uffe Birk Jensen, Nichola Johnson, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Maria Kabisch, Beth Y. Karlan, Vesa Kataja, Noah Kauff, Linda E. Kelemen, Michael J. Kerin, Lambertus A. Kiemeney, Susanne K. Kjaer, Julia A. Knight, Jacoba P. Knol-Bout, Irene Konstantopoulou, Veli-Matti Kosma, Camilla Krakstad, Vessela Kristensen, Karoline B. Kuchenbaecker, Jolanta Kupryjanczyk, Yael Laitman, Diether Lambrechts, Sandrina Lambrechts, Melissa C. Larson, Adriana Lasa, Pierre Laurent-Puig, Conxi Lazaro, Nhu D. Le, Loic Le Marchand, Arto Leminen, Jenny Lester, Douglas A. Levine, Jingmei Li, Dong Liang, Annika Lindblom, Noralane Lindor, Jolanta Lissowska, Jirong Long, Karen H. Lu, Jan Lubinski, Lene Lundvall, Galina Lurie, Phuong L. Mai, Arto Mannermaa, Sara Margolin, Frederique Mariette, Frederik Marme, John W. M. Martens, Leon F. A. G. Massuger, Christine Maugard, Sylvie Mazoyer, Lesley McGuffog, Valerie McGuire, Catriona McLean, Iain McNeish, Alfons Meindl, Florence Menegaux, Primitiva Menéndez, Janusz Menkiszak, Usha Menon, Arjen R. Mensenkamp, Nicola Miller, Roger L. Milne, Francesmary Modugno, Marco Montagna, Kirsten B. Moysich, Heiko Müller, Anna Marie Mulligan, Taru A. Muranen, Steven A. Narod, Katherine L. Nathanson, Roberta B. Ness, Susan L. Neuhausen, Heli Nevanlinna, Patrick Neven, Finn C. Nielsen, Sune F. Nielsen, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Robert L. Nussbaum, Kunle Odunsi, Kenneth Offit, Edith Olah, Olufunmilayo I. Olopade, Janet E. Olson, Sara H. Olson, Jan C. Oosterwijk, Irene Orlow, Nick Orr, Sandra Orsulic, Ana Osorio, Laura Ottini, James Paul, Celeste L. Pearce, Inge Sokilde Pedersen, Bernard Peissel, Tanja Pejovic, Liisa M. Pelttari, Jo Perkins, Jenny Permuth-Wey, Paolo Peterlongo, Julian Peto, Catherine M. Phelan, Kelly-Anne Phillips, Marion Piedmonte, Malcolm C. Pike, Radka Platte, Joanna Plisiecka-Halasa, Elizabeth M. Poole, Bruce Poppe, Katri Pylkäs, Paolo Radice, Susan J. Ramus, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Malcolm W. R. Reed, Gad Rennert, Harvey A. Risch, Mark Robson, Gustavo C. Rodriguez, Atocha Romero, Mary Anne Rossing, Joseph H. Rothstein, Anja Rudolph, Ingo Runnebaum, Ritu Salani, Helga B. Salvesen, Elinor J. Sawyer, Joellen M. Schildkraut, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Rita K. Schmutzler, Andreas Schneeweiss, Minouk J. Schoemaker, Michael G. Schrauder, Fredrick Schumacher, Ira Schwaab, Giulietta Scuvera, Thomas A. Sellers, Gianluca Severi, Caroline M. Seynaeve, Mitul Shah, Martha Shrubsole, Nadeem Siddiqui, Weiva Sieh, Jacques Simard, Christian F. Singer, Olga M. Sinilnikova, Dominiek Smeets, Christof Sohn, Maria Soller, Honglin Song, Penny Soucy, Melissa C. Southey, Christa Stegmaier, Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet, Lara Sucheston, Anthony Swerdlow, Ingvild L. Tangen, Muy-Kheng Tea, Manuel R. Teixeira, Kathryn L. Terry, Mary Beth Terry, Mads Thomassen, Pamela J. Thompson, Laima Tihomirova, Marc Tischkowitz, Amanda Ewart Toland, Rob A. E. M. Tollenaar, Ian Tomlinson, Diana Torres, Thérèse Truong, Helen Tsimiklis, Nadine Tung, Shelley S. Tworoger, Jonathan P. Tyrer, Celine M. Vachon, Laura J. van ’t Veer, Anne M. van Altena, C. J. van Asperen, David van den Berg, Ans M. W. van den Ouweland, Helena C. van Doorn, Els van Nieuwenhuysen, Elizabeth J. van Rensburg, Ignace Vergote, Senno Verhoef, Robert A. Vierkant, Joseph Vijai, Allison F. Vitonis, Anna von Wachenfeldt, Christine Walsh, Qin Wang, Shan Wang-Gohrke, Barbara Wappenschmidt, Maren Weischer, Jeffrey N. Weitzel, Caroline Weltens, Nicolas Wentzensen, Alice S. Whittemore, Lynne R. Wilkens, Robert Winqvist, Anna H. Wu, Xifeng Wu, Hannah P. Yang, Daniela Zaffaroni, M. Pilar Zamora, Wei Zheng, Argyrios Ziogas, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Paul D. P. Pharoah, Matti A. Rookus, Maartje J. Hooning, Ellen L. Goode

Date Published: 1st May 2016

Publication Type: Journal article

Human Diseases: hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome

Abstract (Expand)

PURPOSE Infections and subsequent septicemia are major complications in neutropenic patients with hematological malignancies. Here, we identify biomarker candidates for the early detection of ann infectious origin, and monitoring of febrile neutropenia (FN). METHODS Proteome, metabolome, and conventional biomarkers from 20 patients with febrile neutropenia without proven infection (FNPI) were compared to 28 patients with proven infection, including 17 patients with bacteremia. RESULTS Three peptides (mass to charge ratio 1017.4-1057.3; p-values 0.011-0.024), six proteins (mass to charge ratio 6881-17,215; p-values 0.002-0.004), and six phosphatidylcholines (p-values 0.007-0.037) were identified that differed in FNPI patients compared to patients with infection or bacteremia. Seven of these marker candidates discriminated FNPI from infection at fever onset with higher sensitivity and specificity (ROC-AUC 0.688-0.824) than conventional biomarkers i.e., procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, or interleukin-6 (ROC-AUC 0.535-0.672). In a post hoc analysis, monitoring the time course of four lysophosphatidylcholines, threonine, and tryptophan allowed for discrimination of patients with or without resolution of FN (ROC-AUC 0.648-0.919) with higher accuracy compared to conventional markers (ROC-AUC 0.514-0.871). CONCLUSIONS Twenty-one promising biomarker candidates for the early detection of an infectious origin or for monitoring the course of FN were found which might overcome known shortcomings of conventional markers.

Authors: Martin E. Richter, Sophie Neugebauer, Falco Engelmann, Stefan Hagel, Katrin Ludewig, Paul La Rosée, Herbert G. Sayer, Andreas Hochhaus, Marie von Lilienfeld-Toal, Tom Bretschneider, Christine Pausch, Christoph Engel, Frank M. Brunkhorst, Michael Kiehntopf

Date Published: 1st Apr 2016

Publication Type: Journal article

Human Diseases: disease by infectious agent

Abstract (Expand)

PURPOSE: To characterise the prevalence of pathogenic germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 in families with breast cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC) history. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Data from 21 401 families were gathered between 1996 and 2014 in a clinical setting in the German Consortium for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, comprising full pedigrees with cancer status of all individual members at the time of first counselling, and BRCA1/2 mutation status of the index patient. RESULTS: The overall BRCA1/2 mutation prevalence was 24.0% (95% CI 23.4% to 24.6%). Highest mutation frequencies were observed in families with at least two OCs (41.9%, 95% CI 36.1% to 48.0%) and families with at least one breast and one OC (41.6%, 95% CI 40.3% to 43.0%), followed by male BC with at least one female BC or OC (35.8%; 95% CI 32.2% to 39.6%). In families with a single case of early BC (<36 years), mutations were found in 13.7% (95% CI 11.9% to 15.7%). Postmenopausal unilateral or bilateral BC did not increase the probability of mutation detection. Occurrence of premenopausal BC and OC in the same woman led to higher mutation frequencies compared with the occurrence of these two cancers in different individuals (49.0%; 95% CI 41.0% to 57.0% vs 31.5%; 95% CI 28.0% to 35.2%). CONCLUSIONS: Our data provide guidance for healthcare professionals and decision-makers to identify individuals who should undergo genetic testing for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. Moreover, it supports informed decision-making of counselees on the uptake of genetic testing.

Authors: K. Kast, K. Rhiem, B. Wappenschmidt, E. Hahnen, J. Hauke, B. Bluemcke, V. Zarghooni, N. Herold, N. Ditsch, M. Kiechle, M. Braun, C. Fischer, N. Dikow, S. Schott, N. Rahner, D. Niederacher, T. Fehm, A. Gehrig, C. Mueller-Reible, N. Arnold, N. Maass, G. Borck, N. de Gregorio, C. Scholz, B. Auber, R. Varon-Manteeva, D. Speiser, J. Horvath, N. Lichey, P. Wimberger, S. Stark, U. Faust, B. H. Weber, G. Emons, S. Zachariae, A. Meindl, R. K. Schmutzler, C. Engel

Date Published: 2nd Mar 2016

Publication Type: Journal article

Human Diseases: breast cancer, ovarian cancer

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